Neonatal Care And Management
Expert-defined terms from the Executive Development Programme in Pediatric Research And Development course at LearnUNI. Free to read, free to share, paired with a professional course.
Abruption refers to the premature separation of the placenta from the uterus, wh… #
Abruption refers to the premature separation of the placenta from the uterus, which can cause fetal distress and other complications, and is a significant concern in neonatal care.
Acidosis is a condition characterized by an excess of acid in the blood, which c… #
Acidosis is a condition characterized by an excess of acid in the blood, which can occur in newborns due to various factors such as respiratory problems or diabetic mothers.
Acute refers to a condition that has a rapid onset and is severe, such as acu… #
Acute refers to a condition that has a rapid onset and is severe, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Admission criteria are the standards used to determine whether a newborn should… #
Admission criteria are the standards used to determine whether a newborn should be admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.
Alanine transaminase is an enzyme that is often elevated in newborns with liver… #
Alanine transaminase is an enzyme that is often elevated in newborns with liver disease or other hepatic disorders.
Albumin is a protein that is often low in newborns with liver disease or neph… #
Albumin is a protein that is often low in newborns with liver disease or nephrotic syndrome.
Alpha #
fetoprotein is a protein produced by the fetus that can be used to screen for certain genetic disorders.
Ambient refers to the surrounding environment, such as the temperature an… #
Ambient refers to the surrounding environment, such as the temperature and humidity in the neonatal unit.
Amniocentesis is a procedure in which a sample of amniotic fluid is taken from t… #
Amniocentesis is a procedure in which a sample of amniotic fluid is taken from the uterus to test for genetic disorders.
Amniotic fluid is the fluid that surrounds the fetus in the uterus and can be us… #
Amniotic fluid is the fluid that surrounds the fetus in the uterus and can be used to assess fetal health.
Anemia is a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count, which can occ… #
Anemia is a condition characterized by a low red blood cell count, which can occur in newborns due to premature birth or other factors.
Antibody is a protein produced by the immune system to fight infection #
Antibody is a protein produced by the immune system to fight infection.
Anticonvulsant is a medication used to treat seizures in newborns #
Anticonvulsant is a medication used to treat seizures in newborns.
Antimicrobial is a medication used to treat infections in newborns #
Antimicrobial is a medication used to treat infections in newborns.
Aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the bo… #
Aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body, and can be affected by certain congenital heart defects.
Apnea is a condition characterized by pauses in breathing, which can occur in ne… #
Apnea is a condition characterized by pauses in breathing, which can occur in newborns due to premature birth or other factors.
Apnea of prematurity refers to a condition in which a premature infant experienc… #
Apnea of prematurity refers to a condition in which a premature infant experiences pauses in breathing, and can be treated with caffeine or other medications.
Arachidonic acid is a fatty acid that is important for brain development and can… #
Arachidonic acid is a fatty acid that is important for brain development and can be supplemented in formula feedings.
Arterial blood gas is a test used to assess the levels of oxygen and carbon diox… #
Arterial blood gas is a test used to assess the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, which can help diagnose respiratory problems.
Arteriovenous malformation is a condition in which there is an abnormal connecti… #
Arteriovenous malformation is a condition in which there is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein, which can cause cardiovascular problems.
Asphyxia is a condition characterized by a lack of oxygen, which can occur in ne… #
Asphyxia is a condition characterized by a lack of oxygen, which can occur in newborns due to birth asphyxia or other factors.
Assisted ventilation is a type of mechanical ventilation used to support brea… #
Assisted ventilation is a type of mechanical ventilation used to support breathing in newborns.
Atrial septal defect is a type of congenital heart defect in which there is a ho… #
Atrial septal defect is a type of congenital heart defect in which there is a hole in the septum between the atria, and can be surgically repaired.
Auditory brainstem response is a test used to assess hearing in newborns, and ca… #
Auditory brainstem response is a test used to assess hearing in newborns, and can help diagnose hearing loss.
Autosomal dominant is a pattern of inheritance in which a single copy of a mu… #
Autosomal dominant is a pattern of inheritance in which a single copy of a mutated gene is enough to cause a disorder.
Autosomal recessive is a pattern of inheritance in which two copies of a muta… #
Autosomal recessive is a pattern of inheritance in which two copies of a mutated gene are needed to cause a disorder.
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that can build up in the blood and cause jaundi… #
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that can build up in the blood and cause jaundice in newborns.
Biophysical profile is a test used to assess fetal well #
being and can help diagnose growth restriction.
Birth asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen during delivery , which can caus… #
Birth asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen during delivery, which can cause neonatal complications.
Birth weight is the weight of the newborn at birth , and can be used to as… #
Birth weight is the weight of the newborn at birth, and can be used to assess growth and development.
Blood culture is a test used to diagnose bacterial or fungal infec… #
Blood culture is a test used to diagnose bacterial or fungal infections in newborns.
Blood gas is a test used to assess the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in th… #
Blood gas is a test used to assess the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, which can help diagnose respiratory problems.
Blood pressure is the pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vesse… #
Blood pressure is the pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels, and can be elevated in newborns with certain cardiovascular conditions.
Bradycardia is a condition characterized by a slow heart rate, which can occur i… #
Bradycardia is a condition characterized by a slow heart rate, which can occur in newborns due to premature birth or other factors.
Brain natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is elevated in newborns with hear… #
Brain natriuretic peptide is a hormone that is elevated in newborns with heart failure.
Breast milk is the milk produced by the mother that is rich in nutrients … #
Breast milk is the milk produced by the mother that is rich in nutrients and antibodies that can help protect the newborn from infection.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a condition that affects the lungs of premature in… #
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a condition that affects the lungs of premature infants and can cause respiratory problems.
Calcium is an essential mineral that is important for bone development and can b… #
Calcium is an essential mineral that is important for bone development and can be supplemented in formula feedings.
Capillary refill time is a test used to assess the circulation and perfusion<… #
Capillary refill time is a test used to assess the circulation and perfusion of the newborn.
Cardiac catheterization is a procedure used to diagnose and treat heart d… #
Cardiac catheterization is a procedure used to diagnose and treat heart defects in newborns.
Cardiomegaly is a condition in which the heart is enlarged, which can occur in n… #
Cardiomegaly is a condition in which the heart is enlarged, which can occur in newborns with congenital heart defects.
Cardiovascular refers to the heart and blood vessels, and can be affected by cer… #
Cardiovascular refers to the heart and blood vessels, and can be affected by certain congenital defects.
Catheter is a small tube used to insert medication or fluids into the bod… #
Catheter is a small tube used to insert medication or fluids into the body, and can be used to treat infections in newborns.
Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in newborn… #
Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in newborns.
Cerebral palsy is a condition that affects the brain and can cause motor … #
Cerebral palsy is a condition that affects the brain and can cause motor and developmental delays.
Chest radiograph is a test used to assess the lungs and heart in newborns #
Chest radiograph is a test used to assess the lungs and heart in newborns.
Chloride is an electrolyte that is important for maintaining proper fluid balanc… #
Chloride is an electrolyte that is important for maintaining proper fluid balance and can be imbalanced in newborns with certain renal disorders.
Chorioamnionitis is an of the placenta and amniotic fluid, whic… #
Chorioamnionitis is an
Chromosomal disorder refers to a condition in which there is an abnormality in t… #
Chromosomal disorder refers to a condition in which there is an abnormality in the number or structure of the chromosomes, which can cause genetic disorders.
Circumcision is a surgical procedure in which the foreskin of the penis is remov… #
Circumcision is a surgical procedure in which the foreskin of the penis is removed, and can be performed in the neonatal period.
Coagulation studies are tests used to assess the blood's ability to clot ,… #
Coagulation studies are tests used to assess the blood's ability to clot, which can be affected by certain disorders in newborns.
Congenital refers to a condition that is present at birth , such as congen… #
Congenital refers to a condition that is present at birth, such as congenital heart defects.
Congestive heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump eno… #
Congestive heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, and can occur in newborns with congenital heart defects.
Continuous positive airway pressure is a type of ventilation used to support … #
Continuous positive airway pressure is a type of ventilation used to support breathing in newborns.
Corticosteroids are medications used to treat inflammation and can be use… #
Corticosteroids are medications used to treat inflammation and can be used to promote fetal lung maturation.
Cranial ultrasound is a test used to assess the brain and skull in newbor… #
Cranial ultrasound is a test used to assess the brain and skull in newborns.
Culture is a test used to diagnose bacterial or fungal infections… #
Culture is a test used to diagnose bacterial or fungal infections in newborns.
Cyanosis is a condition characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin, whi… #
Cyanosis is a condition characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin, which can occur in newborns with respiratory or cardiovascular problems.
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and can cause re… #
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and can cause respiratory problems in newborns.
Dextrose is a type of sugar that can be used to treat hypoglycemia in new… #
Dextrose is a type of sugar that can be used to treat hypoglycemia in newborns.
Diaphragmatic hernia is a condition in which there is a hole in the diaphragm, w… #
Diaphragmatic hernia is a condition in which there is a hole in the diaphragm, which can cause respiratory problems in newborns.
Diarrhea is a condition characterized by loose or watery stools, which can occur… #
Diarrhea is a condition characterized by loose or watery stools, which can occur in newborns due to infection or other factors.
Doppler ultrasound is a test used to assess blood flow and cardiovascular … #
Doppler ultrasound is a test used to assess blood flow and cardiovascular function in newborns.
Dubin #
Johnson syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the liver and can cause jaundice in newborns.
Ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that connects the aorta and pulmonary artery… #
Ductus arteriosus is a blood vessel that connects the aorta and pulmonary artery, and can be patent in newborns with certain congenital heart defects.
Echocardiogram is a test used to assess the heart and cardiovascular func… #
Echocardiogram is a test used to assess the heart and cardiovascular function in newborns.
Eclampsia is a condition in which the mother has seizures and can cause neona… #
Eclampsia is a condition in which the mother has seizures and can cause neonatal complications.
Edema is a condition characterized by swelling, which can occur in newborns due… #
Edema is a condition characterized by swelling, which can occur in newborns due to fluid overload or other factors.
Electroencephalogram is a test used to assess brain activity and can help diagno… #
Electroencephalogram is a test used to assess brain activity and can help diagnose seizures in newborns.
Electrolyte is a substance that carries an electric charge and can be imbalan… #
Electrolyte is a substance that carries an electric charge and can be imbalanced in newborns with certain renal disorders.
Embolism is a condition in which a blood clot or other foreign material blocks t… #
Embolism is a condition in which a blood clot or other foreign material blocks the flow of blood, which can cause cardiovascular problems in newborns.
Endotracheal tube is a tube used to support breathing in newborns #
Endotracheal tube is a tube used to support breathing in newborns.
Enzyme is a protein that catalyzes a chemical reaction, and can be elevated</… #
Enzyme is a protein that catalyzes a chemical reaction, and can be elevated in newborns with certain liver disorders.
Erythrocyte is a red blood cell, which can be affected by certain disorders</… #
Erythrocyte is a red blood cell, which can be affected by certain disorders such as anemia.
Exchange transfusion is a procedure in which the blood of the newborn is replace… #
Exchange transfusion is a procedure in which the blood of the newborn is replaced with donor blood, which can be used to treat jaundice or other conditions.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a type of life support that can be used t… #
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a type of life support that can be used to support cardiovascular and respiratory function in newborns.
Feeding intolerance is a condition in which the newborn is unable to tolerate <b… #
Feeding intolerance is a condition in which the newborn is unable to tolerate feedings, which can occur due to gastrointestinal or other problems.
Ferritin is a protein that stores iron, which can be low in newborns with… #
Ferritin is a protein that stores iron, which can be low in newborns with iron deficiency anemia.
Fetal distress refers to a condition in which the fetus is experiencing stres… #
Fetal distress refers to a condition in which the fetus is experiencing stress, which can cause neonatal complications.
Fetal heart rate monitoring is a test used to assess the heart rate of the fetus… #
Fetal heart rate monitoring is a test used to assess the heart rate of the fetus, which can help diagnose fetal distress.
Fetal hydrops is a condition in which there is an accumulation of fluid in the f… #
Fetal hydrops is a condition in which there is an accumulation of fluid in the fetus, which can cause neonatal complications.
Fluid overload is a condition in which there is an excess of fluid in the body,… #
Fluid overload is a condition in which there is an excess of fluid in the body, which can cause edema and other problems in newborns.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a test used to diagnose genetic dis… #
Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a test used to diagnose genetic disorders in newborns.
Fontanelle is a soft spot on the skull, which can be used to assess intracran… #
Fontanelle is a soft spot on the skull, which can be used to assess intracranial pressure in newborns.
Fractional excretion of sodium is a test used to assess kidney function in newbo… #
Fractional excretion of sodium is a test used to assess kidney function in newborns.
Functional residual capacity is the amount of air left in the lungs after exp… #
Functional residual capacity is the amount of air left in the lungs after expiration, which can be affected by certain respiratory disorders.
Gastric lavage is a procedure in which the stomach is flushed with fluid, which… #
Gastric lavage is a procedure in which the stomach is flushed with fluid, which can be used to treat poisoning in newborns.
Gastroesophageal reflux is a condition in which stomach acid flows back up into… #
Gastroesophageal reflux is a condition in which stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, which can cause feeding intolerance and other problems in newborns.
Gavage feeding is a type of feeding in which a tube is used to deliver formul… #
Gavage feeding is a type of feeding in which a tube is used to deliver formula or breast milk to the newborn.
Genetic counseling is the process of providing information and guidance to paren… #
Genetic counseling is the process of providing information and guidance to parents about genetic disorders.
Genetic disorder refers to a condition that is caused by an abnormality in the <… #
Genetic disorder refers to a condition that is caused by an abnormality in the genes, such as cystic fibrosis.
Glucose is a type of sugar that is important for energy production, and can be <… #
Glucose is a type of sugar that is important for energy production, and can be low in newborns with hypoglycemia.
Glucose #
6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is a genetic disorder that affects the red blood cells and can cause jaundice in newborns.
Glycated hemoglobin is a test used to assess blood sugar control in newborns #
Glycated hemoglobin is a test used to assess blood sugar control in newborns.
Group B streptococcus is a type of bacteria that can cause infection in n… #
Group B streptococcus is a type of bacteria that can cause infection in newborns.
Growth restriction refers to a condition in which the fetus or newborn is not gr… #
Growth restriction refers to a condition in which the fetus or newborn is not growing at a normal rate, which can be caused by placental insufficiency or other factors.
Haptoglobin is a protein that binds to hemoglobin, which can be low in ne… #
Haptoglobin is a protein that binds to hemoglobin, which can be low in newborns with hemolysis.
Heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute, which can be el… #
Heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute, which can be elevated in newborns with certain cardiovascular conditions.
Hematocrit is the proportion of red blood cells in the blood, which can be lo… #
Hematocrit is the proportion of red blood cells in the blood, which can be low in newborns with anemia.
Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen, which can be … #
Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen, which can be low in newborns with anemia.
Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells, which can cause jaundice a… #
Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells, which can cause jaundice and other problems in newborns.
Hemorrhage is a condition in which there is excessive bleeding, which can occur… #
Hemorrhage is a condition in which there is excessive bleeding, which can occur in newborns due to trauma or other factors.
Hepatitis is a condition in which the liver is inflamed, which can be caused by… #
Hepatitis is a condition in which the liver is inflamed, which can be caused by viral or bacterial infections.
Hepatomegaly is a condition in which the liver is enlarged, which can occur in n… #
Hepatomegaly is a condition in which the liver is enlarged, which can occur in newborns with liver disease or other conditions.
Hiatal hernia is a condition in which part of the stomach pushes up into the che… #
Hiatal hernia is a condition in which part of the stomach pushes up into the chest, which can cause gastroesophageal reflux and other problems in newborns.
Hyaline membrane disease is a condition that affects the lungs of premature infa… #
Hyaline membrane disease is a condition that affects the lungs of premature infants and can cause respiratory problems.
Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition in which there is an excess of bilirubin in th… #
Hyperbilirubinemia is a condition in which there is an excess of bilirubin in the blood, which can cause jaundice in newborns.
Hypercapnia is a condition in which there is an excess of carbon dioxide in the… #
Hypercapnia is a condition in which there is an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood, which can occur in newborns with respiratory problems.
Hyperglycemia is a condition in which there is an excess of glucose in the blood… #
Hyperglycemia is a condition in which there is an excess of glucose in the blood, which can occur in newborns with diabetes or other conditions.
Hyperkalemia is a condition in which there is an excess of potassium in the bloo… #
Hyperkalemia is a condition in which there is an excess of potassium in the blood, which can occur in newborns with renal disorders.
Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure is elevated, which can o… #
Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure is elevated, which can occur in newborns with cardiovascular or renal disorders.
Hypocalcemia is a condition in which there is a low level of calcium in the bloo… #
Hypocalcemia is a condition in which there is a low level of calcium in the blood, which can occur in newborns with parathyroid disorders.
Hypoglycemia is a condition in which there is a low level of glucose in the bloo… #
Hypoglycemia is a condition in which there is a low level of glucose in the blood, which can occur in newborns with diabetes or other conditions.
Hypokalemia is a condition in which there is a low level of potassium in the blo… #
Hypokalemia is a condition in which there is a low level of potassium in the blood, which can occur in newborns with renal disorders.
Hypomagnesemia is a condition in which there is a low level of magnesium in the… #
Hypomagnesemia is a condition in which there is a low level of magnesium in the blood, which can occur in newborns with renal disorders.
Hypophosphatemia is a condition in which there is a low level of phosphate in th… #
Hypophosphatemia is a condition in which there is a low level of phosphate in the blood, which can occur in newborns with renal disorders.
Hypotension is a condition in which the blood pressure is low, which can occur i… #
Hypotension is a condition in which the blood pressure is low, which can occur in newborns with cardiovascular or renal disorders.
Hypothermia is a condition in which the body temperature is low, which can occur… #
Hypothermia is a condition in which the body temperature is low, which can occur in newborns due to environmental factors.
Hypoxemia is a condition in which there is a low level of oxygen in the blood, w… #
Hypoxemia is a condition in which there is a low level of oxygen in the blood, which can occur in newborns with respiratory problems.
Hypoxia is a condition in which there is a lack of oxygen, which can occur in ne… #
Hypoxia is a condition in which there is a lack of oxygen, which can occur in newborns due to respiratory or cardiovascular problems.
Imaging studies are tests used to visualize the internal structures of the body,… #
Imaging studies are tests used to visualize the internal structures of the body, such as X-rays or ultrasound.
Immature is a term used to describe a newborn who is born before 37 weeks of ges… #
Immature is a term used to describe a newborn who is born before 37 weeks of gestation, and may require special care.
Immunoglobulin is a protein that plays a key role in the immune system, and can… #
Immunoglobulin is a protein that plays a key role in the immune system, and can be used to treat infections in newborns.
Inborn error of metabolism is a condition in which there is a defect in the way… #
Inborn error of metabolism is a condition in which there is a defect in the way the body metabolizes certain substances, which can cause neonatal complications.
Incubator is a device used to maintain a warm and stable environment for… #
Incubator is a device used to maintain a warm and stable environment for newborns.
Indomethacin is a medication used to treat patent ductus arteriosus in ne… #
Indomethacin is a medication used to treat patent ductus arteriosus in newborns.
Infection is a condition in which the body is invaded by a foreign organism, suc… #
Infection is a condition in which the body is invaded by a foreign organism, such as a bacterium or virus.
Informed consent is the process of providing information and obtaining permissio… #
Informed consent is the process of providing information and obtaining permission from parents before performing a procedure or treatment.
Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, and can be used to treat… #
Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, and can be used to treat diabetes in newborns.
Intensive care refers to a high level of medical care provided to newborns who a… #
Intensive care refers to a high level of medical care provided to newborns who are critically ill, and may require ventilatory or cardiovascular support.
Intracranial pressure is the pressure inside the skull, which can be elevated… #
Intracranial pressure is the pressure inside the skull, which can be elevated in newborns with head trauma or other conditions.
Intramuscular injection is a method of administering medication by injecting it… #
Intramuscular injection is a method of administering medication by injecting it into a muscle, which can be used to treat infections in newborns.
Intravenous infusion is a method of administering medication or fluids by… #
Intravenous infusion is a method of administering medication or fluids by injecting them into a vein, which can be used to treat dehydration or other conditions in newborns.
Intubation is the process of inserting a tube into the airway to support brea… #
Intubation is the process of inserting a tube into the airway to support breathing, which can be used to treat respiratory problems in newborns.
Iron is an essential mineral that is important for the production of red blood c… #
Iron is an essential mineral that is important for the production of red blood cells, and can be low in newborns with anemia.
Isolation is the process of separating a newborn from others to prevent the spre… #
Isolation is the process of separating a newborn from others to prevent the spread of infection.
Jaundice is a condition characterized by a yellow discoloration of the skin and… #
Jaundice is a condition characterized by a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes, which can occur in newborns due to hemolysis or other factors.
Kernicterus is a condition in which there is damage to the brain due to high lev… #
Kernicterus is a condition in which there is damage to the brain due to high levels of bilirubin, which can cause neurological problems in newborns.
Lactate is a substance that can be used to assess the level of metabolic … #
Lactate is a substance that can be used to assess the level of metabolic acidosis in newborns.
Laryngoscope is a device used to visualize the airway, which can be used to i… #
Laryngoscope is a device used to visualize the airway, which can be used to intubate newborns.
Left #
to-right shunt is a condition in which there is an abnormal flow of blood from the left side of the heart to the right side, which can occur in newborns with congenital heart defects.
Lethargy is a condition characterized by a lack of energy or activity , wh… #
Lethargy is a condition characterized by a lack of energy or activity, which can occur in newborns due to infection or other factors.
Leukocyte is a white blood cell, which can be elevated in newborns with <… #
Leukocyte is a white blood cell, which can be elevated in newborns with infection.
Lipid is a type of fat that is important for energy production, and can be lo… #
Lipid is a type of fat that is important for energy production, and can be low in newborns with certain metabolic disorders.
Liver function tests are tests used to assess the function of the liver, which c… #
Liver function tests are tests used to assess the function of the liver, which can be abnormal in newborns with liver disease or other conditions.
Lumbar puncture is a procedure in which a sample of cerebrospinal fluid is taken… #
Lumbar puncture is a procedure in which a sample of cerebrospinal fluid is taken from the spine, which can be used to diagnose infections or other conditions in newborns.
Lung compliance is a measure of the ability of the lungs to expand, which can be… #
Lung compliance is a measure of the ability of the lungs to expand, which can be affected by certain respiratory disorders.
Lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune sys… #
Lymphocyte is a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune system, and can be low in newborns with certain immunodeficiency disorders.
Macrocytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells are larger than no… #
Macrocytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells are larger than normal, which can occur in newborns with vitamin deficiencies or other conditions.
Magnetic resonance imaging is a test used to visualize the internal structures o… #
Magnetic resonance imaging is a test used to visualize the internal structures of the body, which can be used to diagnose neurological or other conditions in newborns.
Malformation refers to a condition in which there is an abnormal formation of a… #
Malformation refers to a condition in which there is an abnormal formation of a body part, such as a congenital heart defect.
Meconium is the first stool of the newborn, which can be abnormal in newb… #
Meconium is the first stool of the newborn, which can be abnormal in newborns with certain gastrointestinal disorders.
Metabolic acidosis is a condition in which there is an excess of acid in the blo… #
Metabolic acidosis is a condition in which there is an excess of acid in the blood, which can occur in newborns due to respiratory or renal problems.
Microcytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells are smaller than n… #
Microcytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells are smaller than normal, which can occur in newborns with iron deficiency or other conditions.
Microdeletion is a condition in which there is a small deletion of genetic mater… #
Microdeletion is a condition in which there is a small deletion of genetic material, which can cause genetic disorders in newborns.
Milk protein allergy is a condition in which the newborn is allergic to proteins… #
Milk protein allergy is a condition in which the newborn is allergic to proteins in milk, which can cause gastrointestinal symptoms.
Mineral is a substance that is essential for the body's functioning, such as … #
Mineral is a substance that is essential for the body's functioning, such as calcium or phosphorus.
Mitral valve is a valve in the heart that can be affected by certain congenit… #
Mitral valve is a valve in the heart that can be affected by certain congenital heart defects.
Molding is the process of shaping the head of the newborn during delivery … #
Molding is the process of shaping the head of the newborn during delivery, which can cause skull fractures or other complications.
Monocyte is a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune syste… #
Monocyte is a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune system, and can be elevated in newborns with infection.
Morbidity refers to the rate of disease or complications in a population,… #
Morbidity refers to the rate of disease or complications in a population, such as the morbidity rate in newborns.
Mortality refers to the rate of death in a population, such as the mortality rat… #
Mortality refers to the rate of death in a population, such as the mortality rate in newborns.
Multifetal gestation is a condition in which there are multiple fetuses in the u… #
Multifetal gestation is a condition in which there are multiple fetuses in the uterus, which can increase the risk of complications in newborns.
Myocarditis is a condition in which the heart muscle is inflamed, which can occu… #
Myocarditis is a condition in which the heart muscle is inflamed, which can occur in newborns due to infection or other factors.
Nasogastric tube is a tube used to deliver formula or breast milk to the… #
Nasogastric tube is a tube used to deliver formula or breast milk to the newborn, which can be used to treat feeding intolerance or other conditions.
Necrotizing enterocolitis is a condition in which there is damage to the lining… #
Necrotizing enterocolitis is a condition in which there is damage to the lining of the intestine, which can occur in newborns due to infection or other factors.
Neonatal abstinence syndrome is a condition in which the newborn is withdrawing… #
Neonatal abstinence syndrome is a condition in which the newborn is withdrawing from a substance, such as opioids, which can cause neonatal complications.
Neonatal intensive care unit is a specialized unit that provides high #
level care to critically ill newborns, and may include ventilatory or cardiovascular support.
Neonatologist is a physician who specializes in the care of newborns, and may pr… #
Neonatologist is a physician who specializes in the care of newborns, and may provide consultation or treatment for newborns with certain conditions.
Nephrology is the study of the kidneys and their functions, and can be used to d… #
Nephrology is the study of the kidneys and their functions, and can be used to diagnose and treat renal disorders in newborns.
Neurological examination is a test used to assess the function of the nervous sy… #
Neurological examination is a test used to assess the function of the nervous system, which can be used to diagnose neurological or developmental disorders in newborns.
Neurosonography is a test used to visualize the brain and nervous system, which… #
Neurosonography is a test used to visualize the brain and nervous system, which can be used to diagnose neurological or developmental disorders in newborns.
Nitric oxide is a gas that can be used to treat pulmonary hypertension in… #
Nitric oxide is a gas that can be used to treat pulmonary hypertension in newborns.
Non #
invasive refers to a procedure or test that does not require inserting instruments into the body, such as ultrasound or electrocardiogram.
Non #
nutritive sucking is a behavior in which the newborn sucks on a pacifier or other object, which can help soothe and calm the newborn.
Normocytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells are normal in size… #
Normocytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells are normal in size, but there are not enough of them, which can occur in newborns with blood loss or other conditions.
Nuchal cord is a condition in which the umbilical cord is wrapped around the nec… #
Nuchal cord is a condition in which the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck of the fetus, which can cause birth asphyxia or other complications.
Nurse practitioner is a healthcare professional who provides primary and special… #
Nurse practitioner is a healthcare professional who provides primary and specialty care to newborns, and may provide consultation or treatment for newborns with certain conditions.
Nutrition is the process of providing the body with the necessary nutrients for… #
Nutrition is the process of providing the body with the necessary nutrients for growth and development, and can be critical for newborns with certain metabolic disorders.
Obstetrician is a physician who specializes in the care of pregnant women and ne… #
Obstetrician is a physician who specializes in the care of pregnant women and newborns, and may provide consultation or treatment for newborns with certain conditions.
Oligohydramnios is a condition in which there is a low level of amniotic fluid,… #
Oligohydramnios is a condition in which there is a low level of amniotic fluid, which can cause fetal growth restriction or other complications.
Omphalocele is a condition in which there is a defect in the abdominal wall, whi… #
Omphalocele is a condition in which there is a defect in the abdominal wall, which can cause gastrointestinal or other complications in newborns.
Ophthalmology is the study of the eyes and their functions, and can be used to d… #
Ophthalmology is the study of the eyes and their functions, and can be used to diagnose and treat eye disorders in newborns.
Oxygen saturation is a measure of the amount of oxygen in the blood, which can b… #
Oxygen saturation is a measure of the amount of oxygen in the blood, which can be low in newborns with respiratory problems.
Packed red blood cells are a type of blood transfusion that can be used to treat… #
Packed red blood cells are a type of blood transfusion that can be used to treat anemia in newborns.
Palpation is a physical examination technique used to assess the body, which can… #
Palpation is a physical examination technique used to assess the body, which can be used to diagnose abdominal or other conditions in newborns.
Paralytic ileus is a condition in which there is a lack of movement in the intes… #
Paralytic ileus is a condition in which there is a lack of movement in the intestines, which can occur in newborns due to infection or other factors.
Parenteral nutrition is a type of nutrition that is provided through an intraven… #
Parenteral nutrition is a type of nutrition that is provided through an intravenous line, which can be used to treat malnutrition or other conditions in newborns.
Patent ductus arteriosus is a condition in which the ductus arteriosus fails to… #
Patent ductus arteriosus is a condition in which the ductus arteriosus fails to close, which can cause cardiovascular problems in newborns.
Pathology is the study of disease, and can be used to diagnose cancer or… #
Pathology is the study of disease, and can be used to diagnose cancer or other conditions in newborns.
Patient #
controlled analgesia is a method of pain management in which the patient controls the amount of pain medication they receive, which can be used to treat pain in newborns.
Pediatrician is a physician who specializes in the care of children, including n… #
Pediatrician is a physician who specializes in the care of children, including newborns, and may provide consultation or treatment for newborns with certain conditions.
Perinatal refers to the period of time immediately before, during, and after … #
Perinatal refers to the period of time immediately before, during, and after birth, which can be a critical period for newborns.
Periventricular leukomalacia is a condition in which there is damage to the brai… #
Periventricular leukomalacia is a condition in which there is damage to the brain, which can occur in newborns due to premature birth or other factors.
Persistent pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in… #
Persistent pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in the lungs remains high, which can cause respiratory problems in newborns.
Phenobarbital is a medication used to treat seizures in newborns #
Phenobarbital is a medication used to treat seizures in newborns.
Phlebotomy is the process of drawing blood, which can be used to diagnose blo… #
Phlebotomy is the process of drawing blood, which can be used to diagnose blood disorders or other conditions in newborns.
Phototherapy is a treatment used to reduce the level of bilirubin in the blood,… #
Phototherapy is a treatment used to reduce the level of bilirubin in the blood, which can be used to treat jaundice in newborns.
Physical examination is a test used to assess the body, which can be used to dia… #
Physical examination is a test used to assess the body, which can be used to diagnose abdominal or other conditions in newborns.
Placenta is the organ that provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus during … #
Placenta is the organ that provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus during pregnancy, and can be affected by certain placental disorders.
Placental insufficiency is a condition in which the placenta is not functioning… #
Placental insufficiency is a condition in which the placenta is not functioning properly, which can cause fetal growth restriction or other complications.
Plasma is the liquid portion of the blood, which can be used to diagnose bloo… #
Plasma is the liquid portion of the blood, which can be used to diagnose blood disorders or other conditions in newborns.
Platelet is a type of blood cell that plays a key role in blood clotting, and ca… #
Platelet is a type of blood cell that plays a key role in blood clotting, and can be low in newborns with certain bleeding disorders.
Pneumogram is a test used to assess breathing patterns, which can be used to dia… #
Pneumogram is a test used to assess breathing patterns, which can be used to diagnose respiratory disorders in newborns.
Pneumonia is a condition in which the lungs are inflamed, which can occur in new… #
Pneumonia is a condition in which the lungs are inflamed, which can occur in newborns due to infection or other factors.
Pneumothorax is a condition in which there is air in the space between the lungs… #
Pneumothorax is a condition in which there is air in the space between the lungs and chest wall, which can cause respiratory problems in newborns.
Polycythemia is a condition in which there is an excess of red blood cells, whic… #
Polycythemia is a condition in which there is an excess of red blood cells, which can occur in newborns due to intrauterine growth restriction or other factors.
Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is an excess of amniotic fluid, whi… #
Polyhydramnios is a condition in which there is an excess of amniotic fluid, which can cause fetal growth restriction or other complications.
Postnatal refers to the period of time after birth , which can be a critic… #
Postnatal refers to the period of time after birth, which can be a critical period for newborns.
Postpartum refers to the period of time after delivery , which can be a cr… #
Postpartum refers to the period of time after delivery, which can be a critical period for newborns.
Potassium is an essential mineral that is important for maintaining proper fluid… #
Potassium is an essential mineral that is important for maintaining proper fluid balance, and can be imbalanced in newborns with certain renal disorders.
Premature refers to a newborn who is born before 37 weeks of gestation, and may… #
Premature refers to a newborn who is born before 37 weeks of gestation, and may require special care.
Prenatal refers to the period of time before birth , which can be a critic… #
Prenatal refers to the period of time before birth, which can be a critical period for newborns.
Prognosis is the likely outcome of a disease or condition, which can be criti… #
Prognosis is the likely outcome of a disease or condition, which can be critical for newborns with certain life-threatening conditions.
Prolonged rupture of membranes is a condition in which the membranes surrounding… #
Prolonged rupture of membranes is a condition in which the membranes surrounding the fetus rupture and do not heal, which can cause infection or other complications in newborns.
Protein is a type of nutrient that is essential for growth and development, and… #
Protein is a type of nutrient that is essential for growth and development, and can be low in newborns with certain metabolic disorders.
Prune belly syndrome is a condition in which there is a defect in the abdominal… #
Prune belly syndrome is a condition in which there is a defect in the abdominal wall, which can cause gastrointestinal or other complications in newborns.
Pulmonary artery catheter is a device used to measure the pressure in the pulmon… #
Pulmonary artery catheter is a device used to measure the pressure in the pulmonary artery, which can be used to diagnose cardiovascular or respiratory disorders in newborns.
Pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in the lungs i… #
Pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in the lungs is high, which can cause respiratory problems in newborns.
Pulse oximetry is a test used to measure the amount of oxygen in the blood, whic… #
Pulse oximetry is a test used to measure the amount of oxygen in the blood, which can be low in newborns with respiratory problems.
Radiograph is a test used to visualize the internal structures of the body, whic… #
Radiograph is a test used to visualize the internal structures of the body, which can be used to diagnose bone or other conditions in newborns.
Randomized controlled trial is a type of research study in which participants ar… #
Randomized controlled trial is a type of research study in which participants are randomly assigned to different treatment groups, which can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments for newborns.
Rapid sequence intubation is a procedure in which the airway is quickly secured,… #
Rapid sequence intubation is a procedure in which the airway is quickly secured, which can be used to treat respiratory emergencies in newborns.
Recombinant human erythropoietin is a medication used to stimulate the productio… #
Recombinant human erythropoietin is a medication used to stimulate the production of red blood cells, which can be used to treat anemia in newborns.
Renal refers to the kidneys, and can be affected by certain renal disorde… #
Renal refers to the kidneys, and can be affected by certain renal disorders.
Renal failure is a condition in which the kidneys are not functioning properly,… #
Renal failure is a condition in which the kidneys are not functioning properly, which can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances in newborns.
Respiratory distress syndrome is a condition in which the lungs are not function… #
Respiratory distress syndrome is a condition in which the lungs are not functioning properly, which can occur in newborns due to premature birth or